Geology of Kasatochi volcano, Aleutian Islands, Alaska

Metadata also available as - [Parseable text] - [XML]

Frequently anticipated questions:


What does this data set describe?

Title: Geology of Kasatochi volcano, Aleutian Islands, Alaska
Abstract:
Kasatochi is a small, isolated island volcano in the center of the Aleutian Island chain. It consists of a roughly circular cone approximately 3 km in diameter with a lake-filled central crater that is 1.2 km in diameter and extends from the highest point on the island to sea level. The oldest unit recognized is a thick series of mid-Pleistocene glaciovolcanic deposits consisting of autobrecciated lava, lahars, and volumetrically minor lava masses that we believe to have been emplaced underneath a regional ice cap. This unit is unconformably overlain by several massive Holocene lavas, above which lies a thick sequence of latest-Holocene pyroclastic deposits likely deposited during the crater-forming eruption. The 2008 eruption enlarged the preexisting crater, and produced pyroclastic density currents, surges, and fall that blanketed the entire island except for the crater wall and steep, seaward-facing cliffs on the flanks. 2008 deposits initially extended the shoreline seaward by up to 500 m. A multidisciplinary effort to document recovery of the ecosystem was initiated, and this study of the geology of the island was undertaken as part of that effort. This collection of electronic data is a supplement to the Geology of Kasatochi volcano, Aleutian Islands report and geologic map. It provides spreadsheets of sample metadata and major and trace element XRF and ICP/MS data which are included in the appendices; electron microprobe mineral analyses which are discussed in the report, but not tabulated elsewhere; and high resolution versions of panoramic photographs (appendix 1) and photomicrographs (appendix 7).
Supplemental_Information:
E1_full_resolution_panoramas: Full resolution versions of panoramic photographs in appendix 1.
E3_sample_metadata: Sample locations and descriptions. 
E5_whole_rock_compositions: Major and trace element analyses of rocks and mineral separates. 
E6_modal_data: Point count data for phenocrysts and groundmass. 
E7_photomicrographs: Full resolution versions of photomicrographs in appendix 7. 
E8_microprobe_data: Electron microprobe analyses of minerals. 
E9_componentry_08j: Grain size distribution of 2008 pyroclastic deposits.
  1. How should this data set be cited?

    Nye, C.J., Scott, W.E., Neill, O.K., Waythomas, C.F., Cameron, C.E., and Calvert, A.T., 2017, Geology of Kasatochi volcano, Aleutian Islands, Alaska: Professional Report PR 123, Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys, Fairbanks, Alaska, United States.

    Online Links:

    Other_Citation_Details: 127 p., 1 sheet, scale 1:5000

  2. What geographic area does the data set cover?

    West_Bounding_Coordinate: -175.535309
    East_Bounding_Coordinate: -175.488612
    North_Bounding_Coordinate: 52.186087
    South_Bounding_Coordinate: 52.155502

  3. What does it look like?

  4. Does the data set describe conditions during a particular time period?

    Beginning_Date: 2008
    Ending_Date: 2017
    Currentness_Reference: ground condition

  5. What is the general form of this data set?

    Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: digital data

  6. How does the data set represent geographic features?

    1. How are geographic features stored in the data set?

      This is a point data set.

    2. What coordinate system is used to represent geographic features?

      Horizontal positions are specified in geographic coordinates, that is, latitude and longitude. Latitudes are given to the nearest 0.00001. Longitudes are given to the nearest 0.00001. Latitude and longitude values are specified in decimal degrees.

      The horizontal datum used is World Geodetic System of 1984.
      The ellipsoid used is WGS 84.
      The semi-major axis of the ellipsoid used is 6378137.
      The flattening of the ellipsoid used is 1/298.257223563000025.

  7. How does the data set describe geographic features?

    pr123-E1_full_resolution_panoramas
    Full resolution versions of panoramic photographs in appendix 1. (Source: Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys (DGGS) and Alaska Volcano Observatory)

    pr123-E3_sample_metadata
    Sample locations and descriptions. (Source: Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys (DGGS) and Alaska Volcano Observatory)

    pr123-E5_whole_rock_compositions
    Major and trace element analyses of rocks and mineral separates. (Source: Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys (DGGS) and Alaska Volcano Observatory)

    pr123-E6_modal_data
    Point count data for phenocrysts and groundmass. (Source: Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys (DGGS) and Alaska Volcano Observatory)

    pr123-E7_photomicrographs
    Full resolution versions of photomicrographs in appendix 7. (Source: Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys (DGGS) and Alaska Volcano Observatory)

    pr123-E8_microprobe_data
    Electron microprobe analyses of minerals. (Source: Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys (DGGS) and Alaska Volcano Observatory)

    pr123-E9_componentry_08j
    Grain size distribution of 2008 pyroclastic deposits. (Source: Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys (DGGS) and Alaska Volcano Observatory)


Who produced the data set?

  1. Who are the originators of the data set? (may include formal authors, digital compilers, and editors)

  2. Who also contributed to the data set?

    Initial fieldwork was supported by the North Pacific Research Board (Project number: 923), the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, the Alaska Volcano Observatory, and the U.S. Geological Survey. Additional fieldwork was supported by AVO and the USFWS. We thank USFWS for continued encouragement and support. We especially thank Jeff Williams of the USFWS for sharing his deep knowledge of Kasatochi history, biology, and geography, and for his all-encompassing interest in Kasatochi science. Fieldwork was supported by the M/V Tiglax, under the able command of Captain Billy Pepper; we thank the captain and crew for comfortable and safe transport. We thank pilots Burke Mees, Jerry Morris, and Roger Clifford for taking and sharing oblique aerial photographs. Post-eruption scientific studies span a large range of biologic and geologic disciplines, and we thank the other scientists for rewarding and fruitful cross-fertilization. Chris Nye thanks Patricia Gallagher for help with ArcGIS during preparation of the map draft and for final cartography, and Nicole Kinsman for help with establishing the Kasatochi Mean Sea Level datum. Reviews by Brian Jicha and especially Michael Clynne substantially improved the report. Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the State of Alaska or U.S. Government.

  3. To whom should users address questions about the data?

    Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys
    Metadata Manager
    3354 College Road
    Fairbanks, AK 99709-3707
    USA

    (907)451-5039 (voice)
    (907)451-5050 (FAX)
    dggspubs@alaska.gov

    Hours_of_Service: 8 am to 4:30 pm, Monday through Friday, except State holidays


Why was the data set created?

Kasatochi volcano is located at the intersection of the flat, shallow Aleutian platform and the Bering slope rise, an area of high biologic productivity. As a result, the island hosts a large sea lion colony and nesting sites for hundreds of thousands of seabirds. A large eruption in 2008 blanketed the island in pyroclastic deposits, covering nesting sites and almost all existing vegetation. A multidisciplinary effort to document recovery of the ecosystem was initiated, and this study of the geology of the island was undertaken as part of that effort. This study is the first to document the geology of the entire island, and presents a snapshot of the island early in its response to the 2008 eruption.


How was the data set created?

  1. From what previous works were the data drawn?

  2. How were the data generated, processed, and modified?

    Date: 2013 (process 1 of 2)
    Field data collection - Geologic field mapping and sampling were conducted during short trips on 18 days-nominally 2 to 3 days in mid-June and mid- to late-August-from 2009 through 2013. In addition to other field observations, we captured high-resolution panoramic photographs of the island flanks taken from offshore and of the crater wall taken from the rim.

    Date: 2015 (process 2 of 2)
    Rock sample analysis - More than 110 rock samples were collected during the course of mapping. One hundred one of these samples were analyzed for major and trace elements by the Peter Hooper GeoAnalytical Lab at Washington State University. Detailed petrographic descriptions and 1,000-point modes were made using thin sections of 67 of the samples. Electron probe microanalysis (EPMA) at the Advanced Instrumentation Laboratory at the University of Alaska Fairbanks produced 3,364 mineral analyses, including core-rim pairs from 1,385 grains, from 24 representative samples, spanning all lithologic units. In addition, 40Ar/39Ar ages were obtained for three samples by the USGS, Menlo Park, California.

  3. What similar or related data should the user be aware of?

    Nye, Chris, 2017, Kasatochi Island 2009 topography: Miscellaneous Publication MP 163, Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys, Fairbanks, Alaska, United States.

    Online Links:

    Other_Citation_Details: 1 sheet


How reliable are the data; what problems remain in the data set?

  1. How well have the observations been checked?

    This DGGS Professional Report is a final report of scientific research. Several scientists familiar with the subject matter provided technical reviews. Uncertainties associated with the depiction or interpretation of various features are discussed in the manuscript.

  2. How accurate are the geographic locations?

    Locations were recorded using handheld GPS devices. Location errors reported by the GPS were not recorded.

  3. How accurate are the heights or depths?

  4. Where are the gaps in the data? What is missing?

    This data release is complete.

  5. How consistent are the relationships among the observations, including topology?

    not applicable


How can someone get a copy of the data set?

Are there legal restrictions on access or use of the data?

Access_Constraints:
This report, map, and/or dataset is available directly from the State of Alaska, Department of Natural Resources, Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys (see contact information below).
Use_Constraints:
Any hard copies or published datasets utilizing these datasets shall clearly indicate their source. If the user has modified the data in any way, the user is obligated to describe the types of modifications the user has made. The user specifically agrees not to misrepresent these datasets, nor to imply that changes made by the user were approved by the State of Alaska, Department of Natural Resources, Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys. The State of Alaska makes no express or implied warranties (including warranties for merchantability and fitness) with respect to the character, functions, or capabilities of the electronic data or products or their appropriateness for any user's purposes. In no event will the State of Alaska be liable for any incidental, indirect, special, consequential, or other damages suffered by the user or any other person or entity whether from the use of the electronic services or products or any failure thereof or otherwise. In no event will the State of Alaska's liability to the Requestor or anyone else exceed the fee paid for the electronic service or product.

  1. Who distributes the data set? (Distributor 1 of 1)

    Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys
    Metadata Manager
    3354 College Road
    Fairbanks, AK 99709-3707
    USA

    (907)451-5039 (voice)
    (907)451-5050 (FAX)
    dggspubs@alaska.gov

    Hours_of_Service: 8 am to 4:30 pm, Monday through Friday, except State holidays
  2. What's the catalog number I need to order this data set?

    PR 123

  3. What legal disclaimers am I supposed to read?

    The State of Alaska makes no expressed or implied warranties (including warranties for merchantability and fitness) with respect to the character, functions, or capabilities of the electronic data or products or their appropriateness for any user's purposes. In no event will the State of Alaska be liable for any incidental, indirect, special, consequential, or other damages suffered by the user or any other person or entity whether from the use of the electronic services or products or any failure thereof or otherwise. In no event will the State of Alaska's liability to the Requestor or anyone else exceed the fee paid for the electronic service or product.

  4. How can I download or order the data?


Who wrote the metadata?

Dates:
Last modified: 08-Aug-2017
Metadata author:
Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys
Metadata Manager
3354 College Road
Fairbanks, AK 99709-3707
USA

(907)451-5039 (voice)
(907)451-5050 (FAX)
dggspubs@alaska.gov

Hours_of_Service: 8 am to 4:30 pm, Monday through Friday, except State holidays
Metadata standard:
FGDC Content Standard for Digital Geospatial Metadata (FGDC-STD-001-1998)
Metadata extensions used:


Generated by mp version 2.9.21 on Tue Aug 8 12:08:52 2017