Identification_Information: Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: Reger, R.D. Originator: Burns, P.A.C. Publication_Date: 2013 Title: Surficial-geologic map of the Livengood area, central Alaska Series_Information: Series_Name: Report of Investigation Issue_Identification: RI 2013-2 Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Fairbanks, AK, USA Publisher: Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys Other_Citation_Details: 1 sheet, scale 1:50,000. Online_Linkage: http://dx.doi.org/10.14509/25179 Description: Abstract: This map shows the distribution of surficial deposits and undifferentiated bedrock in parts of the Livengood C-3 and C-4 quadrangles, Tolovana mining district. Purpose: The objective of this project was to produce 1:50,000-scale geologic maps of the area to foster a better understanding of the surficial geology, and the mineral and engineering-material resource potential of the Livengood area. This publication presents the surficial geology of the map area. Supplemental_Information: The DGGS metadata standard extends the FGDC standard to include elements that are required to facilitate our internal data management. These elements, referred to as "layers," group and describe files that have intrinsic logical or topological relationships. Attribute information for each layer is included in this metadata file under the "Entity_and_Attribute_Information" section. The metadata "layer" provides the metadata, codesets, or other documentation files applicable to all layers. The data layer(s) are titled: >MapUnitPolys: Polygons that record the distribution of map units >ContactsAndFaults: Lines that record contacts between map units, faults that bound map units, and associated dangling faults Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Multiple_Dates/Times: Single_Date/Time: Calendar_Date: 2003 Single_Date/Time: Calendar_Date: 2011 Single_Date/Time: Calendar_Date: 2012 Single_Date/Time: Calendar_Date: 2013 Currentness_Reference: ground condition Status: Progress: complete Maintenance_and_Update_Frequency: none planned Spatial_Domain: Bounding_Coordinates: West_Bounding_Coordinate: -148.755888 East_Bounding_Coordinate: -148.241515 North_Bounding_Coordinate: 65.630354 South_Bounding_Coordinate: 65.495495 Keywords: Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: ISO 19115 Topic Category Theme_Keyword: geoscientificInformation Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys Theme_Keyword: Aeolian Theme_Keyword: Aerial Geology Theme_Keyword: Alluvial Deposits Theme_Keyword: Alluvium Theme_Keyword: C14 Theme_Keyword: Colluvium Theme_Keyword: Colluvial Deposits Theme_Keyword: Age Dates Theme_Keyword: Eolian Theme_Keyword: Geomorphology Theme_Keyword: Landslide Theme_Keyword: Permafrost Theme_Keyword: Pingos Theme_Keyword: Placer Theme_Keyword: Placer Gold Theme_Keyword: Slides Theme_Keyword: Solifluction Theme_Keyword: STATEMAP Project Theme_Keyword: Surficial Theme_Keyword: Surficial Geology Theme_Keyword: Tailings Theme_Keyword: Livengood Bench Theme_Keyword: Floodplain Theme_Keyword: Debris Flow Deposit Theme_Keyword: Debris Flow Theme_Keyword: Thawing Permafrost Theme_Keyword: Thermokarst Theme_Keyword: Surficial Geologic Map Theme_Keyword: Slope Instability Theme_Keyword: Permafrost and Periglacial Place: Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys Place_Keyword: Goldstream Creek Place_Keyword: Trans-Alaska Pipeline Place_Keyword: Livengood Place_Keyword: Livengood Mining District Place_Keyword: Money Knob Place_Keyword: Livengood Quadrangle Place_Keyword: Livengood Creek Place_Keyword: Elliot Highway Place_Keyword: Livengood Dome Stratum: Stratum_Keyword_Thesaurus: Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys Stratum_Keyword: Yukon-Tanana Terrane Stratum_Keyword: Amy Creek Assemblage Temporal: Temporal_Keyword_Thesaurus: Walker, J. D., and Geissman, J. W., compilers, 2009, Geologic Time Scale: Geological Society of America Temporal_Keyword: Miocene Temporal_Keyword: Pleistocene Temporal_Keyword: Pliocene Temporal_Keyword: Quaternary Temporal_Keyword: Tertiary Access_Constraints: This report, map, and/or dataset is available directly from the State of Alaska, Department of Natural Resources, Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys (see contact information below). Use_Constraints: Any hard copies or published datasets utilizing these datasets shall clearly indicate their source. If the user has modified the data in any way, the user is obligated to describe the types of modifications the user has made. The user specifically agrees not to misrepresent these datasets, nor to imply that changes made by the user were approved by the State of Alaska, Department of Natural Resources, Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys. The State of Alaska makes no express or implied warranties (including warranties for merchantability and fitness) with respect to the character, functions, or capabilities of the electronic data or products or their appropriateness for any user's purposes. In no event will the State of Alaska be liable for any incidental, indirect, special, consequential, or other damages suffered by the user or any other person or entity whether from the use of the electronic services or products or any failure thereof or otherwise. In no event will the State of Alaska's liability to the Requestor or anyone else exceed the fee paid for the electronic service or product. Point_of_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys Contact_Person: James Weakland Contact_Position: GIS Analyst Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical Address: 3354 College Road City: Fairbanks State_or_Province: AK Postal_Code: 99709-3707 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: (907)451-5029 Contact_Voice_Telephone: (907)451-5020 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: dggsgis@alaska.gov Hours_of_Service: 8 am to 4:30 pm, Monday through Friday, except State holidays Data_Set_Credit: We thank the staff of Talon Gold Livengood for permission to enter their busy mining properties and for providing logistical support. Doug Baker kindly allowed access to his placer properties on upper Livengood Bench. The friendly hospitality of Larry Nelson, who let us camp at his placer mine, was greatly appreciated. Several field colleagues, including Jen Athey, Rainer Newberry, Dave Szumigala, and Melanie Werdon, mapped bedrock in the Livengood area and provided data that better delineated outcrops and subcrops in our surficial geology map. Tyler Cole, U.S. Bureau of Land Management in Fairbanks, efficiently provided GIS coverage of the recently mined area on upper Livengood Bench, which is incorporated into our map. Assistance in the field during 2003 was provided by Carrie Browne and Lauren Staft of DGGS. We welcome the insightful comments made in 2003 at the terminus of the ancient, large landslide on lower Amy Creek by Florence Weber (USGS) and De Anne Stevens (DGGS). Review comments by Diana Solie and Trent Hubbard that helped complete and clarify this report are greatly appreciated. Funding was provided to DGGS for this work by the State of Alaska and the U.S. Geological Survey (National Co-operative Geologic Mapping Program, STATEMAP award number 03HQAG0055). Data_Quality_Information: Attribute_Accuracy: Attribute_Accuracy_Report: Certainty in identification of the map units varies due to the scale and interpretive nature of the mapping. The geologic unit interpretations and boundaries presented in this map result from interpretation of 1:63,360-scale, false-color infrared aerial photographs taken in August 1978 and August 19861, investigative traverses throughout the map area, aerial reconnaissance via helicopter, and examination of river exposures. Tailings were mapped in the western Livengood Creek area using 1:6,000-scale aerial photographs taken in 2001. The air-photo interpretations were adjusted as needed to be consistent with bedrock exposures identified by Athey and others (2004a, b). Per NCGMP09 specifications, the authors have assigned a confidence value to each polygon and line segment to indicate their degree of confidence in the positioning and identification of the element at the mapped scale. This map has received two technical reviews by scientists familiar with the subject matter. The authors incorporated the reviewer's suggestions into the final draft. Logical_Consistency_Report: Polygon topology was implemented per NCGMP09 specifications (polygons must not overlap, polygons must not have gaps, boundaries must be overlain by lines in ContactsAndFaults). All polygon features were topologically validated using ArcGIS for Desktop prior to export to shapefile format. Completeness_Report: This dataset provides shapefiles that display information about the mapped and interpreted surficial geologic deposits throughout the map area that are traceable on air photos at a scale of approximately 1:63,360 and/or in the field. No analytical tests were conducted for this report. Positional_Accuracy: Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy: Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy_Report: Surficial mappers recorded observations on 1:63,360 scale (nominal) color-infrared aerial photographs (with the exception of the western Livengood Creek area) and 1:63,360 scale USGS topographic base maps. The authors believe the total horizontal accuracy of the mapped surficial-geologic contacts is on the order of 25 m or better, with somewhat lesser accuracy expected in areas of rugged relief. Waterlines and waterbody polygons were entirely derived from topographic base maps, consequently it is possible that the mapped location and extent of these features may differ from modern ground conditions. Per NCGMP09 specifications, the authors have assigned a confidence value to each polygon and line record to indicate their degree of confidence in the positioning and identification of the element at the mapped scale. This map has received two technical reviews by scientists familiar with the subject matter. The authors incorporated the reviewer's suggestions into the final draft. Lineage: Source_Information: Source_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: Athey, J.E. Originator: Craw, P.A. Publication_Date: 2004 Title: Geologic maps of the Livengood SW C-3 and SE C-4 quadrangles, Tolovana mining district, Alaska Series_Information: Series_Name: Preliminary Interpretive Report Issue_Identification: PIR 2004-3 Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Fairbanks, AK, USA Publisher: Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys Other_Citation_Details: 24 p Online_Linkage: http://dx.doi.org/10.14509/3308 Type_of_Source_Media: document Source_Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Single_Date/Time: Calendar_Date: 2004 Source_Currentness_Reference: publication date Source_Citation_Abbreviation: Athey, J.E. and Craw, P.A., 2004 Source_Contribution: bedrock geology, description of map units Source_Information: Source_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: Athey, J.E. Originator: Werdon, M.B. Originator: Newberry, R.J. Originator: Szumigala, D.J. Originator: Craw, P.A. Originator: Hicks, S.A. Publication_Date: 2004 Title: Geologic map of the Livengood SW C-3 and SE C-4 quadrangles, Tolovana mining district, Alaska Series_Information: Series_Name: Preliminary Interpretive Report Issue_Identification: PIR 2004-3A Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Fairbanks, AK, USA Publisher: Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys Other_Citation_Details: 1 sheet, scale 1:50,000 Online_Linkage: http://dx.doi.org/10.14509/3309 Source_Scale_Denominator: 50000 Type_of_Source_Media: map Source_Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Single_Date/Time: Calendar_Date: 2004 Source_Currentness_Reference: publication date Source_Citation_Abbreviation: Athey, J.E. and others, 2004a Source_Contribution: bedrock geology Source_Information: Source_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: Athey, J.E. Originator: Szumigala, D.J. Originator: Newberry, R.J. Originator: Werdon, M.B. Originator: Hicks, S.A. Publication_Date: 2004 Title: Bedrock geologic map of the Livengood SW C-3 and SE C-4 quadrangles, Tolovana mining district, Alaska Series_Information: Series_Name: Preliminary Interpretive Report Issue_Identification: PIR 2004-3B Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Fairbanks, AK, USA Publisher: Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys Other_Citation_Details: 1 sheet, scale 1:50,000 Online_Linkage: http://dx.doi.org/10.14509/3310 Source_Scale_Denominator: 50000 Type_of_Source_Media: map Source_Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Single_Date/Time: Calendar_Date: 2004 Source_Currentness_Reference: publication date Source_Citation_Abbreviation: Athey, J.E. and others, 2004b Source_Contribution: bedrock geology Source_Information: Source_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: Soller, D.R. Publication_Date: 2009 Title: Digital Mapping Techniques '09-Workshop Proceedings, Morgantown, West Virginia, May 10-13, 2009 Series_Information: Series_Name: Open-File Report Issue_Identification: OF 2010-1335 Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Fairbanks, AK, USA Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey Other_Citation_Details: 260 p Online_Linkage: http://www.dggs.alaska.gov/pubs/id/25340 Type_of_Source_Media: document Source_Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Single_Date/Time: Calendar_Date: 2009 Source_Currentness_Reference: publication date Source_Citation_Abbreviation: Soller, D.R., 2009 Source_Contribution: NCGMP09 geodatabase standard Process_Step: Process_Description: Air-photo interpretation and field verification - Units were mapped by interpreting 1:63,360-scale, false-color infrared aerial photographs taken in August 1978 and August 1986, and verified during five days of field checking in 2003 and two days in 2011. Tailings were mapped in the western Livengood Creek area using 1:6,000-scale aerial photographs taken in 2001. Preliminary mapping was carried out by Patty Burns and subsequently revised and finalized by Richard Reger. A comprehensive list of literature sources that were used to facilitate interpretation of the surficial units is provided on the printed map. Bedrock geology was mapped by Athey and Craw (2004) and Athey and others (2004a, b). Process_Date: 2003, 2011 Process_Step: Process_Description: Digitization of geologic map data - Digital scans of the air photos were orthorectified using OrthoMapper photogrammetric software. The co-registered acetate overlays of geologic mapping were then orthorectified using the same equations applied to the air photos. Resultant orthorectified map data were then imported into ArcGIS and heads-up digitized into a geodatabase with validated topology. Bedrock point data of locations of structural observations (strike, dip, cleavage, jointing, etc.) were intersected with the surficial-geologic polygons in order to identify locations that were mapped as surficial materials based on aerial photography but were found to have small exposures that were desirable to be mapped as bedrock. These areas were then modified in the surficial-geologic polygons to be areas of bedrock exposure. The geodatabase compiled by De Anne Stevens was converted to follow NCGMP09 database standards in conjunction with the final assimilation of both authors' interpretations. Waterbody lines and polygons were digitized from the underlying topographic base-maps and incorporated into the geodatabase. Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: Athey, J.E. and Craw, P.A., 2004 Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: Athey, J.E. and others, 2004a Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: Athey, J.E. and others, 2004b Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: Soller, D.R., 2009 Process_Date: 2012 Process_Step: Process_Description: Revision of map data - Map was revised in response to technical reviews by Diana Solie and Trent Hubbard. Process_Date: 2013 Spatial_Data_Organization_Information: Direct_Spatial_Reference_Method: vector Spatial_Reference_Information: Horizontal_Coordinate_System_Definition: Planar: Grid_Coordinate_System: Grid_Coordinate_System_Name: Universal Transverse Mercator Universal_Transverse_Mercator: UTM_Zone_Number: 6 Transverse_Mercator: Scale_Factor_at_Central_Meridian: 0.999600 Longitude_of_Central_Meridian: -147 Latitude_of_Projection_Origin: 0 False_Easting: 500000.000000 False_Northing: 0 Planar_Coordinate_Information: Planar_Coordinate_Encoding_Method: coordinate pair Coordinate_Representation: Abscissa_Resolution: 0.000001 Ordinate_Resolution: 0.000001 Planar_Distance_Units: meters Planar_Coordinate_Layer_Name: MapUnitPolys Planar: Grid_Coordinate_System: Grid_Coordinate_System_Name: Universal Transverse Mercator Universal_Transverse_Mercator: UTM_Zone_Number: 6 Transverse_Mercator: Scale_Factor_at_Central_Meridian: 0.999600 Longitude_of_Central_Meridian: -147 Latitude_of_Projection_Origin: 0 False_Easting: 500000.000000 False_Northing: 0 Planar_Coordinate_Information: Planar_Coordinate_Encoding_Method: coordinate pair Coordinate_Representation: Abscissa_Resolution: 0.000001 Ordinate_Resolution: 0.000001 Planar_Distance_Units: meters Planar_Coordinate_Layer_Name: ContactsAndFaults Geodetic_Model: Horizontal_Datum_Name: North American Datum of 1927 Ellipsoid_Name: North American Datum of 1927 Semi-major_Axis: 6378206.4 Denominator_of_Flattening_Ratio: 294.9786982 Entity_and_Attribute_Information: Detailed_Description: Entity_Type: Entity_Type_Label: ri2013-2-MapUnitPolys Entity_Type_Definition: Polygons that record the distribution of map units Entity_Type_Definition_Source: NCGMP09 - Draft Standard Format for Digital Publication of Geologic Maps, Version 1.1 by the USGS National Cooperative Geologic Mapping Program (NCGMP), note that all field names were derived from the standard but truncated at ten characters. Entity_Attribute_Layer_Name: MapUnitPolys Attribute: Attribute_Label: MapUnitPol Attribute_Definition: Primary key, uniquely identifies each polygon Attribute_Definition_Source: Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys Attribute_Domain_Values: Unrepresentable_Domain: Alpha-numeric characters that uniquely identify each polygon. The general form: publication number of the report followed by an auto-generated numeric value. Attribute: Attribute_Label: MapUnit Attribute_Definition: Short ASCII string that classifies the map unit Attribute_Definition_Source: Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: Qelx Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: FROZEN LOESS WITH CONSIDERABLE GROUND ICE-On north-, east-, and west-facing upper and middle slopes, a blanket 1.5 to 14 m thick of massive to laminated, very well sorted eolian silt typically contains soil horizons and organic layers (Kreig and Reger, 1982, plate12). Transitional on middle slopes with retransported silt and lowland loess covering lower slopes. Thickness increases from Livengood northward toward the main source of eolian sediments in the Yukon River lowland (Williams, 1962; Brown and Kreig, 1983; Muhs and Budhan, 2006). Perennially frozen to within ≤1 m of ground surface and locally contains massive ground ice (Kreig and Reger, 1982, plate 12, table 18). Dissected by dendritic, pinnate gullies with convex walls and narrow floors (Kreig and Reger, 1982, plate 12, fig. 8). Tree cover is dominantly black spruce forest mixed with scattered paper birch; large black spruce trees and willow shrubs follow drainages, where perennially frozen ground is deeper. Includes unit Qe of Athey and others (2004a). Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: This report Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: b' Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: THINLY COVERED BEDROCK-Subcrops covered by less than 0.9 m of loess and frost-rived and weathered bedrock. Bedrock structures visible through thin veneer of surficial debris. Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: This report Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: Qer Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: RETRANSPORTED SILT AND LOWLAND LOESS-Chiefly massive to laminated organic silt and silt with trace to some fine sand, lenses and tongues of locally derived gravel, and scattered to numerous angular rock fragments (particularly in upper valleys of small, ephemeral streams). Deposited primarily by hyperconcentrated flows (Tuck, 1940; Taber, 1953, 1958; Costa, 1988; Fraser and Burn, 1997) draining weathered bedrock slopes thinly covered by upland silt (loess) and generated by thawing ice-rich perma-frost or during brief, intense summer rainstorms. Complexly mixed with gelifluction and debris-flow deposits in upper stream drainages and primary airfall loess in lowland sites (Kreig and Reger, 1982). Transitional on middle slopes with frozen loess containing considerable ground ice. Fluvial processes >> colluvial processes. Lowland surfaces fairly smooth with scattered open-system pingos and local thermokarst pits, ponds, and lakes. Erosion on slopes by ephemeral drainages produces subparallel gullies separated by linear ridges and ellipsoidal and triangular remnants that are generally shallowly frozen, except beneath well developed aspen and birch on upper south-facing aspects (Kreig and Reger, 1982, plate 11). May be subject to seasonal stream and slope icings. Locally contains fossil remains of late Pleistocene mammals. Continuously to discontinuously frozen with moderate to high ice content; locally contains considerable massive ground ice (Kreig and Reger, 1982, plate 12) (yedoma of Kanevskiy and others, 2011). Includes unit cf of Waythomas and others (1984) and units Qcfl, Qcfu, and Qe-c of Athey and others (2004a). Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: This report Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: Qcf Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: MIXED COLLUVIUM AND ALLUVIUM-Primarily elongate, massive to poorly stratified, generally inorganic silt (loess) mixed with locally auriferous, sandy, angular to subangular, pebble and cobble gravels with scattered boulders derived from weathered bedrock uplands. Deposited in the upper drainages of small tributaries by debris flows and hyperconcentrated flows produced during brief, intense, local summer storms. Grades downvalley into retransported silt and lowland loess and stream terraces at the margins of lowlands. Colluvial processes > fluvial processes. Surface slightly uneven. Discontinuously to continuously frozen with low to moderate ice contents. Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: This report Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: b Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: EXPOSED BEDROCK-Outcrop and rubble crop that show no evidence of downslope displacement. Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: This report Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: Qel Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: LOESS-A blanket generally less than 1 m thick of massive, very well sorted eolian silt with thin, local, oxidized weathering profiles and traces of organic material covers ridge crests and upper south-facing slopes. Small, frost-jacked angular rock fragments are locally present close to underlying weathered bedrock. Sections exhibit lamination parallel to the ground surface resulting from the formation of thin, ground-ice lenses during seasonal freezing. Permafrost is absent. Dissected by concave-floored gullies separated by parallel to subparallel, rounded, low ridges where loess is thicker (Kreig and Reger, 1982, plate 11, plate 12, fig. 8). Tree cover is a forest of closely spaced, mixed paper birch and white or black spruce or pure stands of paper birch, except on steep, dry, south-facing slopes where stands of quaking aspen dominate a woodland of scattered, mixed white birch and white spruce. Includes unit Qe of Athey and others (2004a). Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: This report Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: Qat Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: TERRACE ALLUVIUM-Chiefly moderately to well-sorted pebble and cobble gravels with some silty sand and local silt lenses no longer flooded by the streams that deposited the alluvium, which is locally auriferous. Covered by 1 to 2 m of overbank silts and sands. Locally covered by several meters of retransported silt and lowland loess. May include several levels. Locally subject to inundation by seasonal slope and stream icings. Continuously to discontinuously frozen with low to moderate ice contents. Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: This report Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: Qa Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: UNDIFFERENTIATED ALLUVIUM-Chiefly moderately to well-sorted, stratified, polymictic pebble, cobble, and boulder gravel, sand, and silt comprising channel and overbank deposits of generally small streams. Clasts of the local bedrock are rounded to subangular. Locally auriferous. Unfrozen to discontinuously frozen with low to moderate ice contents. Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: This report Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: Qcl Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: LANDSLIDE DEPOSITS-Matrix-supported silty diamicton with numerous angular to subangular pebbles, cobbles, and boulders of Amy Creek dolomite and limestone and Amy Creek siliceous mudstone and chert east of lower Amy Creek. Previously mapped as debris fan and reworked loess by Athey and others (2004a,b). Slide in the vicinity of lower Amy Creek measures l.37 km long by up to 1.1 km wide, and the 3.5-m-thick slide deposit is composed of three 0.8- to 1.5-m-thick, very pale brown (10YR8/3) to reddish yellow (7.5YR7/6), massive, horizontal beds that could indicate a history of three failure events. In that section, the slide overlies thrust-faulted Amy Creek dolomite and limestone bedrock (Athey and others, 2004a,b) that is altered to dark yellowish brown (10YR6/8) to white (10YR8/1) and contains lenses of rotated, angular fragments of dark gray Amy Creek siliceous mudstone and chert. The slide is overlain by ~1.3 m of artificially emplaced silty mining debris. The slide on the western flank of the bedrock ridge between Lucky and Goldstream creeks is deeply dissected, and the slide headwall at ~530 m (~1,750 ft) elevation is subdued, indicating the antiquity of the deposit. Discontinuously frozen with low to moderate ice contents. Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: This report Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: water Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: water Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: This report Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: Qh Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: PLACER TAILINGS AND ARTIFICIAL FILLS-Chiefly gravel mixed with angular to subangular rock rubble, sand, and silt in placer-mine tailings, ditches, active surface-mine pits, and borrow pits for road construction or heterogeneous fine-grained excavated overburden and fillings of siltation ponds. Extents determined on 1978 and 1986 aerial photography, except in western Livengood Creek area, determined on 2001 aerial photography. Includes fluvial deposits in valley bottoms and fluvial-colluvial sediments in upper drainages that were mined for placers (Mertie, 1918; 1937; Cobb, 1973; Karl and others, 1988). Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: This report Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: Qs Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: SWAMP DEPOSIT-Elongate deposit of silt and organic material in impoundment basin behind Hess Creek dam, which was filled to seasonally supply water for mining purposes until 1984 and drained in winter to allow embankments and related structures to refreeze (Brown and Kreig, 1983). A photograph taken on 07/22/2011 during an aerial survey by DNR personnel revealed that the impoundment basin is drained. Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: This report Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: Qfb Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: BENCH ALLUVIUM-Locally auriferous, oxidized alluvial gravels that are present on bedrock benches well above local streams as a result of a long and complex history of stream piracy and tectonic deformation in the Livengood area (Mertie, 1918, 1937; Cobb, 1973; Athey and Craw, 2004). On Livengood Bench, 3 to 15 m of crudely bedded, moderately to well-sorted, subrounded, oxidized, polymictic pebble and cobble gravels with some sand; contains organic and inorganic silt lenses up to 8 m long and 0.5 m thick with scattered fossilized wood fragments and stumps up to 0.3 m in diameter. One silt lens contained late Miocene to Pliocene pollen (Karl and others, 1988). The bench gravels are 15 to 25 m above the modern drainage and are overlain by 15 to 40 m of frozen, retransported silt and lowland loess. The age of the thick, fine-grained overburden is bracketed by the ages of two samples of wood from the base of the silt, which are dated at 28,470 +/- 600 RC yr B.P. (Beta-6026) and 29,460 +/- 480 RC yr. B.P. (Beta-6025), and a single wood date from 2 m below the top of the exposed frozen silt that dated 26,410 +/- 540 RC yr. B.P. (Beta-6027) (Waythomas and others, 1984). Continuously to discontinuously frozen with low to moderate ice contents. Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: This report Attribute: Attribute_Label: IdentityCo Attribute_Definition: Indicates degree of confidence in the identification and classification of the map unit Attribute_Definition_Source: Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: certain Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Indicates that the author has sufficient observational and/or other supporting data to be reasonably confident in the scientific credibility of the interpretation of the feature. The level of certainty is specific to the map scale. Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: This report Attribute: Attribute_Label: Label Attribute_Definition: The label values provide the FGDCGeoAge font characters that are required to display the geologic age symbols that are appropriate to the map unit assigned in the corresponding MapUnit field. Attribute_Definition_Source: Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys Attribute_Domain_Values: Codeset_Domain: Codeset_Name: FGDCGeoAge font Codeset_Source: Federal Geographic Data Committee [prepared for the Federal Geographic Data Committee by the U.S. Geological Survey], 2006, FGDC Digital Cartographic Standard for Geologic Map Symbolization: Reston, Va., Federal Geographic Data Committee Document Number FGDC-STD-013-2006, 290 p., 2 plates. Attribute_Domain_Values: Codeset_Domain: Codeset_Name: MapUnit Codeset_Source: MapUnit field of this dataset Attribute: Attribute_Label: Symbol Attribute_Definition: References the CMYK color value that was assigned to the map unit Attribute_Definition_Source: Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: 1230 Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: CMYK value - C:13%, M:20%, Y:30%, K:0% Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: CMYK values were assigned by DGGS staff based on the standards outlined in the U.S. Geological Survey, 2005, Selection of colors and patterns for geologic maps of the U.S. Geological Survey: Techniques and Methods 11-B1, 19 p.; 1 plate. Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: 0001 Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: CMYK value - C:0%, M:0%, Y:0%, K:13% Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: CMYK values were assigned by DGGS staff based on the standards outlined in the U.S. Geological Survey, 2005, Selection of colors and patterns for geologic maps of the U.S. Geological Survey: Techniques and Methods 11-B1, 19 p.; 1 plate. Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: 0A20 Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: CMYK value - C:0%, M:8%, Y:20%, K:0% Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: CMYK values were assigned by DGGS staff based on the standards outlined in the U.S. Geological Survey, 2005, Selection of colors and patterns for geologic maps of the U.S. Geological Survey: Techniques and Methods 11-B1, 19 p.; 1 plate. Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: 2360 Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: CMYK value - C:20%, M:30%, Y:60%, K:0% Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: CMYK values were assigned by DGGS staff based on the standards outlined in the U.S. Geological Survey, 2005, Selection of colors and patterns for geologic maps of the U.S. Geological Survey: Techniques and Methods 11-B1, 19 p.; 1 plate. Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: 0003 Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: CMYK value - C:0%, M:0%, Y:0%, K:30% Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: CMYK values were assigned by DGGS staff based on the standards outlined in the U.S. Geological Survey, 2005, Selection of colors and patterns for geologic maps of the U.S. Geological Survey: Techniques and Methods 11-B1, 19 p.; 1 plate. Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: A250 Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: CMYK value - C:8%, M:20%, Y:50%, K:0% Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: CMYK values were assigned by DGGS staff based on the standards outlined in the U.S. Geological Survey, 2005, Selection of colors and patterns for geologic maps of the U.S. Geological Survey: Techniques and Methods 11-B1, 19 p.; 1 plate. Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: 11X0 Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: CMYK value - C:13%, M:13%, Y:100%, K:0% Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: CMYK values were assigned by DGGS staff based on the standards outlined in the U.S. Geological Survey, 2005, Selection of colors and patterns for geologic maps of the U.S. Geological Survey: Techniques and Methods 11-B1, 19 p.; 1 plate. Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: 0050 Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: CMYK value - C:0%, M:0%, Y:50%, K:0% Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: CMYK values were assigned by DGGS staff based on the standards outlined in the U.S. Geological Survey, 2005, Selection of colors and patterns for geologic maps of the U.S. Geological Survey: Techniques and Methods 11-B1, 19 p.; 1 plate. Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: A350 Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: CMYK value - C:8%, M:30%, Y:50%, K:0% Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: CMYK values were assigned by DGGS staff based on the standards outlined in the U.S. Geological Survey, 2005, Selection of colors and patterns for geologic maps of the U.S. Geological Survey: Techniques and Methods 11-B1, 19 p.; 1 plate. Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: 41A0 Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: CMYK value - C:40%, M:13%, Y:8%, K:0% Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: CMYK values were assigned by DGGS staff based on the standards outlined in the U.S. Geological Survey, 2005, Selection of colors and patterns for geologic maps of the U.S. Geological Survey: Techniques and Methods 11-B1, 19 p.; 1 plate. Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: 2460 Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: CMYK value - C:20%, M:40%, Y:60%, K:0% Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: CMYK values were assigned by DGGS staff based on the standards outlined in the U.S. Geological Survey, 2005, Selection of colors and patterns for geologic maps of the U.S. Geological Survey: Techniques and Methods 11-B1, 19 p.; 1 plate. Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: 33X0 Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: CMYK value - C:30%, M:30%, Y:100%, K:0% Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: CMYK values were assigned by DGGS staff based on the standards outlined in the U.S. Geological Survey, 2005, Selection of colors and patterns for geologic maps of the U.S. Geological Survey: Techniques and Methods 11-B1, 19 p.; 1 plate. Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: 0020 Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: CMYK value - C:0%, M:0%, Y:20%, K:0% Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: CMYK values were assigned by DGGS staff based on the standards outlined in the U.S. Geological Survey, 2005, Selection of colors and patterns for geologic maps of the U.S. Geological Survey: Techniques and Methods 11-B1, 19 p.; 1 plate. Detailed_Description: Entity_Type: Entity_Type_Label: ri2013-2-ContactsAndFaults Entity_Type_Definition: Lines that record contacts between map units, faults that bound map units, and associated dangling faults Entity_Type_Definition_Source: NCGMP09 - Draft Standard Format for Digital Publication of Geologic Maps, Version 1.1 by the USGS National Cooperative Geologic Mapping Program (NCGMP), note that all field names were derived from the standard but truncated at ten characters. Entity_Attribute_Layer_Name: ContactsAndFaults Attribute: Attribute_Label: ContactsAn Attribute_Definition: Primary key, uniquely identifies each line Attribute_Definition_Source: Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys Attribute_Domain_Values: Unrepresentable_Domain: Alpha-numeric characters that uniquely identify each line. The general form: publication number of the report followed by an auto-generated numeric value. Attribute: Attribute_Label: Type Attribute_Definition: Specifies the kind of feature represented by the line Attribute_Definition_Source: Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: map boundary Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Line that delineates and defines the extent of geographic and geologic data provided by this report. Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: This report Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: contact Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Surface expression of a plane or irregular surface that separates two distinct types or ages of rock. Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: This report Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: waterline Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Line that delineates a boundary between water and land. Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: This report Attribute: Attribute_Label: IsConceale Attribute_Definition: This is a flag to identify contacts and faults covered by an overlying map unit. Attribute_Definition_Source: Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: N Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: The feature IS NOT covered by an overlying map unit. Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: This report Attribute: Attribute_Label: ExistenceC Attribute_Definition: Indicates the degree of confidence and/or certainty in the interpretation of a each line segment's existence. Attribute_Definition_Source: Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: certain Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Indicates that the author has sufficient observational and/or other supporting data to be reasonably confident in the scientific credibility of the interpretation of the feature. The level of certainty is specific to the map scale. Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: This report Attribute: Attribute_Label: IdentityCo Attribute_Definition: Indicates degree of confidence in the identification and classification of the line segment Attribute_Definition_Source: Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: certain Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Indicates that the author has sufficient observational and/or other supporting data to be reasonably confident in the scientific credibility of the interpretation of the feature. The level of certainty is specific to the map scale. Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: This report Attribute: Attribute_Label: LocationCo Attribute_Definition: Half-width in meters of positional uncertainty envelope; position is relative to other features in the data. A value of -9 indicates that this measure is not available. Attribute_Definition_Source: Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: -9 Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: The author has not provided a numeric measurement of the likely error range of this feature. Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: This report Attribute: Attribute_Label: Symbol Attribute_Definition: References the symbol value that was assigned to the line segment Attribute_Definition_Source: Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys Attribute_Domain_Values: Codeset_Domain: Codeset_Name: FGDC Digital Cartographic Standard for Geologic Map Symbolization; Appendix A. Geologic map symbols, colors, and patterns, "REF NO" field Codeset_Source: Federal Geographic Data Committee [prepared for the Federal Geographic Data Committee by the U.S. Geological Survey], 2006, FGDC Digital Cartographic Standard for Geologic Map Symbolization: Reston, Va., Federal Geographic Data Committee Document Number FGDC-STD-013-2006, 290 p., 2 plates. Distribution_Information: Distributor: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical Address: 3354 College Road City: Fairbanks State_or_Province: AK Postal_Code: 99709-3707 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: (907)451-5020 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: (907)451-5050 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: dggspubs@alaska.gov Hours_of_Service: 8 am to 4:30 pm, Monday through Friday, except State holidays Contact_Instructions: Please view our website (http://www.dggs.alaska.gov) for the latest information on available data. Please contact us using the e-mail address provided above when possible. Resource_Description: RI 2013-2 Distribution_Liability: The State of Alaska makes no expressed or implied warranties (including warranties for merchantability and fitness) with respect to the character, functions, or capabilities of the electronic data or products or their appropriateness for any user's purposes. In no event will the State of Alaska be liable for any incidental, indirect, special, consequential, or other damages suffered by the user or any other person or entity whether from the use of the electronic services or products or any failure thereof or otherwise. In no event will the State of Alaska's liability to the Requestor or anyone else exceed the fee paid for the electronic service or product. Standard_Order_Process: Non-digital_Form: DGGS publications are available as free online downloads or you may purchase paper hard-copies or digital files on CD/DVD or other digital storage media by mail, phone, fax, or email from the DGGS Fairbanks office. To purchase this or other printed reports and maps, contact DGGS by phone (907-451-5020), e-mail (dggspubs@alaska.gov), or fax (907-451-5050). Payment accepted: Cash, check, money order, VISA, or MasterCard. Turnaround time is 1-2 weeks unless special arrangements are made and an express fee is paid. Shipping charge will be the actual cost of postage and will be added to the total amount due. Contact us for the exact shipping amount. Fees: Contact DGGS for current pricing Standard_Order_Process: Digital_Form: Digital_Transfer_Information: Format_Name: Shapefiles Digital_Transfer_Option: Online_Option: Computer_Contact_Information: Network_Address: Network_Resource_Name: http://dx.doi.org/10.14509/25179 Fees: Free download Metadata_Reference_Information: Metadata_Date: 20130731 Metadata_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Person_Primary: Contact_Person: Metadata manager Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical Address: 3354 College Road City: Fairbanks State_or_Province: AK Postal_Code: 99709-3707 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: (907)451-5020 Metadata_Standard_Name: FGDC Content Standard for Digital Geospatial Metadata Metadata_Standard_Version: FGDC-STD-001-1998 Metadata_Use_Constraints: If the user has modified the data in any way they are obligated to describe the types of modifications they have performed in the supporting metadata file. User specifically agrees not to imply that changes they made were approved by the Alaska Department of Natural Resources or Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys. Metadata_Extensions: Online_Linkage: http://www.dggs.alaska.gov/metadata/dggs.ext Profile_Name: dggs metadata extensions